CANDE Developers and Contributors

Dr. Michael Katona has been and remains the primary author and key architect of the CANDE program from its inception in 1972 to present. Over the years, many engineers have made significant contributions in the theory and/or algorithms embodied in the program. Their contributions are acknowledged in chronological order in the table below.

**Contributors to CANDE from 1972 to present**
Name	Affiliation	Date and Contribution to CANDE program
Leonard R. Hermann	University of California at Davis	1972-73: Development of high-order, triangular and quadrilateral and continuum elements used in CANDE, and incremental construction concepts
John L. Crawford	Naval Civil Engineering Lab	1974-76: Concepts and algorithms for CANDE's automated mesh generation features and error checking.
James M. Smith	Naval Civil Engineering Lab	1974-76: Algorithms for CANDE's Level 2 Pipe mesh and participation in User Manual development.
Jay R. Allgood	Naval Civil Engineering Lab	1974-76: Theoretical equations for elastic buckling of buried conduits
Pedro D. Vittes	University of Notre Dame (MS student)	1978-80: Improved algorithm for modeling nonlinear concrete pipe-type and participation in developing Level-2 box mesh along with experimental verification.
Chee-Hai Lee	University of Notre Dame (MS student)	1978-79: Independent evaluation of the Duncan soil model with new experimental data and numerically testing and enhancing the Duncan soil model algorithm.
Adel Y. Akl	University of Notre Dame (PhD student)	1981-84: Experimental testing of slotted joints for long-span culverts and co-development of a slotted joint element to simulate the beneficial behavior.
Samuel C. Musser	Syro Steel Company	1987-89: Developed subroutine for Level 2 arch mesh and contributed to developing a unified user manual for CANDE-89.
Ernest T. Selig	University of Massachusetts, Amherst	1988-89: Extended the Duncan soil model with the hyperbolic bulk modulus function, called the Duncan/Selig model and performed hydrostatic tri-axial tests.
Mark Mlynarski	Michael Baker Jr. Inc.	2005-07: Developed the Graphical User Interface for pre- and post processing and assembly of CANDE-2007. 2011: Upgrade CANDE to 64-bit operating systems.
Timothy J. McGrath	Simpson, Gumpertz & Heger Inc.	2005-07: Formulated LRFD design criteria for pipe materials and produced CANDE-2007 tutorial manual.
Michael G. Katona	MGK Consulting	1972-2022: Starting with CANDE as his PhD dissertation in 1976, Katona continues to work on all aspects of CANDE program for further improvements including CANDE-2013, CANDE-2015, CANDE-2017, CANDE-2019 and CANDE-2022.